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The main purpose of these new technologies is to improve efficiency, coverage and energy consumption. This article will describe the changes in Wi-Fi and their impact on IT and the Internet of Things.
WiFi Current Trends
The IEEE802.11 series LAN standard is called WiFi. Recently, WiFi routers have been upgraded from the 802.11n standard to the latest 802.11ac standard.
In recent years, printers, cameras and smart home devices using the WiFi Direct standard have appeared on the market, and the peak data transmission rate is 250 Mbps. The latest advances in WiFi routers are the choice of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz spectrum. The former is called "2G" and the latter is called "5G." The 2G channel is more crowded, but the coverage is more than 5G. The coverage of the latter is small, but the data The transfer rate is faster.
Therefore, it is suitable to use 2G when it is far from the router, and 5G when it is close to the router and download movies. Routers that provide both 2G and 5G channels are commonplace, but there are many factors in the future of WiFi.
What are the AC5400, AC5300, MU-MIMO, and 802.11ax?
Several so-called "three-band gigabit" 802.11ac WiFi routers appeared on the market in 2016, although they promised data transmission rates of 5300Mbps-5400Mbps - so they have two informal names: AC5300 or AC5400, which are actually just ordinary Dual-band routers add a 5GHz band.
Tech Radar said that the purpose of this innovation is to improve the convenience of existing technologies, rather than new technologies. The upcoming models include the Linksys EA 9500 Max-Stream and the Asus RT-AC5300, both of which include MU-MIMO - representing multiple users, multiple inputs and multiple outputs.
Modern homes usually have multiple devices that compete for bandwidth—especially streaming video. MU-MIMO shares bandwidth equally and is expected to become the default feature of future WiFi routers.
Even more exciting is the prospect of WiFi routers that support the 802.11ax standard. The 802.11ax standard is currently under development and is scheduled to be released in 2019. The data transmission rate can reach 10Gbps and the 5GHz band is still used. Market research firm ABI Research predicts that by 2021, 802.11ax will account for 57% of WiFi chipset sales. Therefore, 802.11ax will become the "new standard" for WiFi routers.
What is the 802.11ad and WiGig standard?
These are the same technologies. Wi Gig (Wireless Gigabit) is a high-end WiFi that utilizes the 60GHz spectrum without a license to achieve ultra-high data transmission rates of up to 7Gbps over four 2.16GHz bands. Gigabit WiFi provided by Wi Gig is ideally suited for the 5G era - users can make, upload, and upload full HD and 4K video via smartphones.
Although vendors are already experimenting, the connection with 5G means Wi Gig will not be available in the next few years. Universal, Netgear and Yilike displayed the Wi Gig router at the 2016 International Consumer Electronics Show. Peraso recently demonstrated its first Wi Gig USB device at the 2016 International Computer Show in Taipei. WiGig access points, network adapters, tablets, smartphones, and notebooks are expected to eventually be on the market.
ABI Research estimates that by 2018, Wi Gig chips will sell more than 600 million units a year. The 802.11ay under development is an enhanced standard of WiGig. Its working spectrum is 60GHz, and the data transmission rate can be as high as 20Gbps, but the data transmission distance is short.
What is WiFi Ha Low?
Narrowband IoT devices are driving new innovations in WiFi and connectivity. Although many smart home and industrial networking devices can use Bluetooth or WiFi, they need higher data transmission capabilities and longer transmission distances. Ha Low is based on the IEEE 802.11ah standard and uses a 900 MHz frequency band. The data transmission distance is longer and the energy consumption is not high.
The downside of Ha Low is that its data transfer rate is 150KB to 18Mbps. This has little effect on smart home devices that only need to transmit a small amount of data. Ha Low signal through the wall is quite strong. It is expected that the Ha Low standard three-band router will be available for sale in 2018.
What is LP WAN?
Ha Low is an LP WAN (Low-Power Wide Area Network) technology approved by the WiFi Alliance that runs on WiFi routers. LP WAN is also a low-bandwidth connection technology for IoT devices. Its key advantage over WiFi is lower power consumption.
The LP WAN, also known as Sigfox, Lo Ra, Hyper Cat, and Weightless, is known as a “lost link†in IoT devices such as smart meters and smart cities that require long-distance, low-power communications.
Tech Radar claims that because of the lower energy consumption than WiFi, LP WAN is more suitable for use in smart farms and other wide-area applications that use environmental sensors and motion sensors, but Ha Low has made LP WAN lost where WiFi routers can be used. Use it in places such as smart homes and smart buildings.
What is LTE-U?
Here "U" means that without a license plate, Qualcomm's LTE-U is also referred to as LTE-LAA (LTE Assisted Grant Access). The goal of LTE-U is to increase the capacity of LTE mobile networks, using some spectrum that does not require a license—usually the 5 GHz spectrum used by WiFi routers. Different countries and regions have different conditions. Some of the frequency bands may have been used by short-distance wireless signal transmissions by hospitals or factories.
LTE-U can expand LTE mobile networks at the necessary time and place, and even provide Gigabit speeds for mobile phones. However, industry insiders are concerned that if mobile operators deploy LTE-U aggressively, existing WiFi networks may be squeezed. Wi-Fi Alliance opposes the use of LTE-U, and regulators are also "passively absent."
ABI Research estimates that sales of WiFi chipsets will exceed 20 billion during 2016-2021, but one thing is certain. As the number of mobile devices surges and IoT devices become popular, they are faster, have wider coverage and better WiFi. The longing does not stop.
What are the future directions of WiFi technology? More than 5G spectrum
According to the Tech Radar website, when did WiFi start to get confused? WiFi has begun to shift to 5GHz spectrum, but the arrival of LTE-U will make this situation worse. What is Ha Low, 802.11 ad, 802.11 ax, 802.11 ay, WiGig, LP WAN and MU-MIMO? Why are Intel, Peraso, and Qualcomm committed to developing 802.11ad?